In times of societal and political stress—marked by events like police brutality, racial tensions, and health inequities exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic—Black psychologists are often asked how to promote self-care among Black people. This question has prompted a recent conversation among the Sankofa Research and Outreach Team about the importance of culturally centered self-care and, more specifically, spirituality’s critical role in promoting well-being within Black communities.
Spirituality as a Life-Affirming Force
Spirituality, distinct from religion, is defined by Linda James Myers (1993) as a connection with God and a guiding connection to the world around us. Many early Black psychologists, such as Wade Nobles, Joseph White, and Na’im Akbar, emphasized the cultural significance of spirituality as essential to how Black people engage with the world. Recent research further confirms spirituality’s protective function, with studies showing that it helps Black individuals cope with stress (Lewis et al., 2021). For many, spirituality is an intrinsic part of life, woven into everyday rituals such as burning sage to set positive energy or preparing traditional New Year’s foods for prosperity. These practices serve as reminders of being part of something greater, thus fostering care for oneself and the community.
Historically, spirituality has been a source of strength for Black communities. From Negro Spirituals used to guide enslaved people to freedom to Gospel songs during the civil rights movement and modern-day chants protesting police brutality, spirituality has always been a life-affirming force. Dr. Joseph White, the “Godfather of Black Psychology,” refers to spirituality as a source of strength, inspiration, vitality, and hope, particularly in adversity. Historical figures like Frederick Douglass, Martin Luther King Jr., Maya Angelou, and bell hooks demonstrate how self-care, rooted in spiritual practice, has sustained generations of Black leaders despite societal challenges.
Spiritual Respite as Self-Care
In today’s society, self-care is often reduced to a buzzword for personal wellness. However, for Black people, self-care is more than that; it is about spiritual respite. Reflecting on the work of Black psychologists and ancestral wisdom, self-care for Black people involves practices that build self and spiritual identity. Spiritual respite provides not only personal restoration but also a form of liberation from the oppressive narratives of anti-Blackness.
Four Practices to Build Spiritual Identity and Self-Care
- Self-Reflection
Self-reflection involves sitting in the moment, setting intentions for the day, and preparing for the next. Individuals can embrace gratitude for their experiences and compassion for their choices by taking these moments. This practice honors the wholeness of self and fosters a connection with one’s inner spirit. - Connection and Community
Black culture values collectivism highly. Connecting with loved ones, friends, and community groups helps restore the spirit. Community connections have long been a source of strength, offering Black people a supportive network that fosters collective care. - Reconnecting Through Nature
While Black people’s connection to the land is often overlooked, they have a rich history of being connected to nature. Engaging in nature walks, gardening, and eating whole foods can help Black individuals reconnect with the earth and foster a deeper connection to the world around them. - Reach Back and Get (Sankofa)
The Sankofa principle encourages Black people to reclaim their past to understand their present. By exploring narratives highlighting Black voices, reconnecting with elders, or studying ancestors’ stories, Black individuals can reclaim their cultural history, extending far beyond slavery.
Conclusion: Spirituality as Liberation
For many Black community members, spirituality is central to self-care, reflecting protection, hope, and community. To support Black mental health and cultivate well-being, spirituality must be recognized as a powerful tool for liberation. As Black people continue to navigate a world marked by anti-Blackness, the reminder is clear: Be intentional in caring for your spirit, as it is essential for caring for yourself.